Albert l



UNlsiTED STATES PATENT Orriceo ONEHALFTO STEPHEN P; M. TASKER, OF SAME PLACE.

FAeoT FoR TUBES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,019, dated March 13, 18783. Application filed April 6, 1882. (No model.)

.Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, ALBERT L. MURPHY, of

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Piles from which to make 5 Tubing, ot'. which the following is a specification.

My invention relates in general to the man ufacture ot' tubing, shafting, columns, axles,

and kindred hollow articles in metal from hollow piles, but more specifically from such hollow piles as are formed of separate pieces of metal piled upon a central core.

The objectot' my invention is the production, from a pile composed of pieces of unrelined puddled or muck iron arranged or secured upon or about a solid combustible core composed of natural wod,'or of some combustible material-'such as coal, hardened peat, charcoal, or kindred material-which is not in a granulated but in a coherent condition, as a new article of manufacture, of a seamless homogeneous tube of relined iron.

My invention consists in a new article of man ufacture-a pile from which to make tubing, composed of pieces of unrelined puddled or muck iron arranged or secured upon orabout a core composed of combustible or intlammable material of solid chara etersuch as Wood, charcoal, peat, coal, or kindred materialwhether of vegetable or mineral origin. Heretofore in the manufacture of piles from which to make tubing several constructions have been resorted to. For instance, pieces of properly-shaped metal have been 4supported r1 t, 35,upon either a' hollow core of metal, which has `fbeen subsequently rolled down and consoli- ,l dated with the pieces, so as to form atube of lthe desired dimensions, or else have been supported upon a solid metal core which has been subsequently bored out after the piled pieces, together with the solid core, have been subjected to the proper condensation and reduction. Pieces of muck-iron have also been piled without any core whatever and subsequently reduced to a tube. Hollow piles composed of pieces of, Wrought or refined ironV have also, afterhaving been completely formed and connected together, been provided with a core of granulated material rammed tight, retained in 5o place by plugs of metal welded into the ends wir of the pile, and serving as a mandrel upon which to forge the pile solid after it has been heated with the core in place within it.` I have `iron which Iem ploy to constitute the substance or body proper of my pile is known in the r trade as muck-iron, and is rolled directly from the puddle-ball to a bar of desired configuration, and is not reheated and rerolled.

`In the accompanying drawings., Figure l represents in end view a pile composed ot' many irregularly-shaped pieces of unretined puddled iron, arranged as they happen to come about a central solid wooden core, and bound thereto by a band. Figs. 2 and 3 represent in end view piles composed respectively of three and ofefourlayers of curved muck-bars, the curvature of each bar corresponding to that of every other bar, so that when arranged about thewooden core represented in the drawings they lie snugly upon the latter and'upon each other,and form a compact and solidpile without interior interstices. The bars in these last arrangments are piled in such manner that they break joint, as is very clearly shown in thedrawings. Fig; 6 is a perspective View of the pile of Fig. 2, the bars being tied by bands and the ends of the pile, which is slightly longer than the core, beingluted to "prevent the complete combustion of the core before the pile becomes sufiiciently heated to be coherent Without the support-of the core. Fig. 5 represents in end view a pile composed of a single layer of muck-bars which have been rolled to the t variously-sized straight muck-bars arranged to break joints and bound by iron rope about a central wooden core. Fig. 7 represents in perspective they pile of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 represents in perspective a solid core of wood or kindred material of a character which I employ. Figs. 9 and l0 are side sectional elevations ot' piles composed respectively' of two and of one layer ot' piled pieces upon wooden cores, the ends of each pile being luted.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

All of the foregoing piles are illustrative merely of good forms of a given type ot' pile formed of muck-bars secured upon a solid selfcoherent core of combustible material.

In the drawings depicting the piles, B represents the binding` devices; U, the wooden core; I), the muck-bars, of which the substance'of the pile is composed, and L the luting or sealing material.

In practice, when the cores used are made of wood, they are best cutfrom a long piece of the same turned to the form of a cylinder. When the coresareoicoal they'are cut, ground, or otherwise shaped to the desired configuration. When peat, charcoal, or kindred combustible substance is used it is compressed, cast, or moldedto the desired shape and suitably compacted or compressed to the desired hardness. The proportions of the core may be varied. Bands of metal are conveniently used to secure the pile together. Wire, wire rope, or other binding material may, however, be employed. The bars are simply arranged to the desired depth and bound together upon the core. NVhen curved bars are employed they are previously rolled from the puddleball to the desired curvature. There are added around the core as many bars as are necessary to make the pile of the size and weight required.

,After I have constructed my pile it is introduced into a furnace and heated to a degree of heat sufficient to consume the core and to'occasion the adherence ot' the piled pieces to one another, so that the pile, although it has become practically without the support of` the core, has sufficiently retained its form (that of a hollow cylinder) to enable it to be' handled and subjected to any such method of reduction and condensation as it is deemed desirable to employ.

- The reduction of the pile to a tube, column, shaft, axle, flue, or the like may be effectually carried out by any suitable apparatus, although such rolling-machines as embody in their construction a series of rolling passes,

successively diminishing in diameter, and as employ mandrels in connection with each pass, will most advantageously eiect the consolidation and reduction desired.

I do not deem it necessary to describe more fully an apparatus suitable for the operation, as such machine is familiar to all rolling-mill men. Whatever apparatus I elect to employ operates, however, to reduce and condense the heated pile and occasion a conversion of the piled pieces or bars of unrened puddled iron into refined iron, and their consolidation and mutual extension with each other, sokthat there results a tube of predetermined dimensions, the substance ot' which is of reined iron.' The last pass olthe rolls ot the machines which I employ is in connection with its mandrel, adapted to produce a tube of the desired length, diameter, and thickness.

By my invention a nierchantable refinediron tube, tlue, axle, column, or shaft of superior strength, quality, and cheapness can be made Wholly from unreiined puddled or muck iron, thereby saving' the cost of and dispens! ing wholly with the heretofore essential intermediate step of tinishing or converting unretined puddled iron into sheets or skelp prior to its manufacture by any known practical means into tubing.

It will of course be understood that the result of my invention is to produce a tube with a smoothbore or interior, from which it has not been necessary to drillout` a bore, as has heretofore been thecase when solid metal cores have been employed.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesl. As a new article of manufacture, a pile for the manufacture of tubing, consisting of pieces ot' unretined puddled or muck iron, arranged aud secured upon or about a coherent solid core of combustible material, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a pile IOO for t-he manufactureof tubing, consisting of pieces of unreiined puddled or muck iron, arranged and secured upon or about a coher- IOS ent solid core of combustible material, made y shorter than the pieces and sealed with luting material at its ends, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. Y

In testimony WhereofI have hereunto signed my name this 27th day of January, A. D. 1882.

' ALBERT L. MURPHY.

In presence of J. BoNsALL TAYLOR., W. C. STRAWBRIDGE.

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